Why Some Women Experience Repeated Miscarriages — Doctors Explain Causes and Prevention Tips

A miscarriage can be an emotionally devastating experience for any woman. While many women face a single miscarriage in their lifetime, experiencing it repeatedly can indicate an underlying health issue that requires medical attention. Experts explain the possible causes and share essential tips to help prevent it.

Common Causes of Recurrent Miscarriage

According to Dr. Saloni Chadha, gynecologist at RML Hospital, Delhi, several factors can contribute to repeated miscarriages.
These include:

• Hormonal Imbalances: Low levels of progesterone or insulin resistance can interfere with embryo implantation and growth.

• Chromosomal Abnormalities: Sometimes, genetic defects in the chromosomes of either partner prevent normal fetal development.

• Infections: Urinary or reproductive tract infections can increase the risk of miscarriage if left untreated.

• Structural Problems: Uterine abnormalities, fibroids, or cervical weakness may also cause pregnancy loss.

Many women are unaware they’re miscarrying, as early symptoms may resemble normal periods.

Chromosomal Abnormalities — The Leading Cause

Dr. Saloni notes that around 50% of miscarriages in the first trimester (up to 13 weeks) occur due to chromosomal defects.
Chromosomes are structures inside our cells that carry genetic information. Even a minor genetic error can disrupt fetal development, leading to miscarriage.

Studies also show that the risk of miscarriage is:

• 12–15% for women in their 20s

• Increases to around 25% by age 40
  If a woman has already suffered one miscarriage, her chances of another increase by approximately 25%.

Warning Signs and Symptoms of Miscarriage

Watch for the following symptoms and contact your doctor immediately if you notice them:

• Light to heavy vaginal bleeding

• Abdominal cramps or pelvic pain

• Back pain, mild to severe

• Bleeding with blood clots or tissue discharge

Early medical attention can sometimes help prevent complete miscarriage or identify its cause.

How to Prevent Miscarriage

While not all miscarriages are preventable, doctors recommend certain measures to reduce the risk:

✅ Get a full health check-up before pregnancy – including thyroid, blood sugar, hormone levels, and infection tests
✅ Take folic acid, iron, and vitamin D supplements as advised by your gynecologist
✅ Manage stress and get adequate rest
✅ Avoid smoking, alcohol, and caffeine completely
✅ Maintain a healthy weight and follow a balanced diet
✅ Schedule regular prenatal check-ups for early detection of any complications

🩺 Final Advice

Repeated miscarriages should never be ignored. With proper medical evaluation, lifestyle changes, and early treatment, most women can achieve a healthy pregnancy. Consult a qualified gynecologist if you experience two or more consecutive miscarriages to identify the cause and receive personalized care.